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Hydraulic Design of Highway Culverts


Quiz Questions

1. Removal of material due to entrained sediment, ice, or debris rubbing against the boundary is defined as:
Aggradation
Abrasion
Apron
Material excavation
2. Velocity at a given cross section determined by dividing discharge by:
Time
Speed
Cross sectional area
Viscosity
3. Full flow in a culvert barrel is rare.
True
False
4. Anchorage of the ends of long span culverts is required to prevent flotation or damage due to high velocities at the:
Top
Bottom
Inlet
Outlet
5. The hydraulic condition in a culvert flowing full is called:
Viscosity
Hydraulic status
Inflow
Pressure flow
6. If the cross-sectional area of the culvert in pressure flow were increased, the flow area would:
Shrink
Expand
7. Free surface flow or open channel flow may be categorized as:
Subcritical
Critical
Supercritical
All of the above
8. _____________ is required to force flow through a culvert.
Heat
Pressure
Energy
Force
9. Hydraulic Design of Highway Culverts
The picture above is:
Submerged
Unsubmerged
10. Tailwater is the depth of water downstream of the culvert measured from the outlet invert.
True
False
11. Since a culvert often constricts the available channel area, flow velocities in the culvert may be ________ than in the channel.
Lower
Higher
12. A performance curve is a plot of headwater depth or elevation versus:
Time
Viscosity
Flow rate
Strain
13. The hydraulic design of a culvert installation requires the evaluation of a large amount of data, such as:
culvert location
waterway data
roadway data
All of the above
14. Stream cross sectional data acquired from a field survey at the site are highly desirable to supplement available topographic mapping. Ideally, a minimum of _________ cross sections should be taken, one upstream and one downstream.
One
Two
Three
Ten
15. The allowable headwater is the maximum possible headwater, or ponding depth, at which side of the culvert?
Upstream
Downstream
16. A slip liner is essentially a smaller-size conduit that is slipped inside a host pipe with the annulus between the two conduits typically grouted. The pipe used for slip lining may be a continuous length, or may be segmental. Slip lining is common in:
Oval pipes
Round pipes
Symmetrical pipes
Square pipes
17. In outlet control, the hydraulic resistance of the culvert barrel must be calculated using a __________ loss equation.
Friction
Head
Pressure
None of the above
18. The hydraulic radius is the cross-sectional area of a stream divided by:
The pressure
The wetted perimeter
The flow
The depth
19. That portion of a streambank having an elevation less than the mean water level of the stream is the:
Non alluvial channel
Meandering stream
Lower bank
Upper bank
20. Force or drag developed at the channel bed by flowing water is the:
Unit shear force
Unit strain
Velocity
Channel head