| 1. | Removal of material due to entrained sediment, ice, or debris rubbing against the boundary is defined as: |
| | Aggradation |
| | Abrasion |
| | Apron |
| | Material excavation |
| 2. | Velocity at a given cross section determined by dividing discharge by: |
| | Time |
| | Speed |
| | Cross sectional area |
| | Viscosity |
| 3. | Full flow in a culvert barrel is rare. |
| | True |
| | False |
| 4. | Anchorage of the ends of long span culverts is required to prevent flotation or damage due to high velocities at the: |
| | Top |
| | Bottom |
| | Inlet |
| | Outlet |
| 5. | The hydraulic condition in a culvert flowing full is called: |
| | Viscosity |
| | Hydraulic status |
| | Inflow |
| | Pressure flow |
| 6. | If the cross-sectional area of the culvert in pressure flow were increased, the flow area would: |
| | Shrink |
| | Expand |
| 7. | Free surface flow or open channel flow may be categorized as: |
| | Subcritical |
| | Critical |
| | Supercritical |
| | All of the above |
| 8. | _____________ is required to force flow through a culvert. |
| | Heat |
| | Pressure |
| | Energy |
| | Force |
| 9. | 
The picture above is: |
| | Submerged |
| | Unsubmerged |
| 10. | Tailwater is the depth of water downstream of the culvert measured from the outlet invert. |
| | True |
| | False |
| 11. | Since a culvert often constricts the available channel area, flow velocities in the culvert may be ________ than in the channel. |
| | Lower |
| | Higher |
| 12. | A performance curve is a plot of headwater depth or elevation versus: |
| | Time |
| | Viscosity |
| | Flow rate |
| | Strain |
| 13. | The hydraulic design of a culvert installation requires the evaluation of a large amount of data, such as: |
| | culvert location |
| | waterway data |
| | roadway data |
| | All of the above |
| 14. | Stream cross sectional data acquired from a field survey at the site are highly desirable to supplement available topographic mapping. Ideally, a minimum of _________ cross sections should be taken, one upstream and one downstream. |
| | One |
| | Two |
| | Three |
| | Ten |
| 15. | The allowable headwater is the maximum possible headwater, or ponding depth, at which side of the culvert? |
| | Upstream |
| | Downstream |
| 16. | A slip liner is essentially a smaller-size conduit that is slipped inside a host pipe with the annulus between the two conduits typically grouted. The pipe used for slip lining may be a continuous length, or may be segmental. Slip lining is common in: |
| | Oval pipes |
| | Round pipes |
| | Symmetrical pipes |
| | Square pipes |
| 17. | In outlet control, the hydraulic resistance of the culvert barrel must be calculated using a __________ loss equation. |
| | Friction |
| | Head |
| | Pressure |
| | None of the above |
| 18. | The hydraulic radius is the cross-sectional area of a stream divided by: |
| | The pressure |
| | The wetted perimeter |
| | The flow |
| | The depth |
| 19. | That portion of a streambank having an elevation less than the mean water level of the stream is the: |
| | Non alluvial channel |
| | Meandering stream |
| | Lower bank |
| | Upper bank |
| 20. | Force or drag developed at the channel bed by flowing water is the: |
| | Unit shear force |
| | Unit strain |
| | Velocity |
| | Channel head |
|
