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Seismic Considerations for Steel Storage Racks

Quiz Questions:

   
1. To determine whether the seismic requirements in codes and standards are adequate, engineers and code officials carefully investigate the performance of structures subjected to earthquake ground motions.
       
    True
    False
       
2. As the use of storage rack structures increased across the nation, they began to be subjected to diverse loading conditions and received more scrutiny by the engineering and building code communities.
       
    True
    False
       
3. Single selective steel pallet storage racks are typically designed for seismic forces using the equivalent lateral force procedures found in model building codes and in the RMI standard (ANSI 16.1-04).
       
   

True

   

False

       
4. Storage rack structural systems generally are moment frames in the -aisle (cross-aisle direction) and braced frames in the down direction (longitudinal direction).
       
   

True

   

False

       
5. Because storage racks normally do not have horizontal bracing at the shelf levels, they typically are treated as structures with flexible diaphragms and are evaluated analytically as two-dimensional structural systems.
       
   

True

   

False

       
6. The pallet is the supporting structure for the basic unit that is stored on the typical single selective steel storage rack.
       
   

True

   

False

       
7. The unit of the load to be stored on the rack includes both the pallet and the product on the pallet and is the unit that is individually handled by the forklifts or other handling equipment.
       
   

True

   

False

       
8. The required seismic force coefficient is determined using the equivalent static force method:
     

V =CsIpWs

 

What does Ws mean?

       
   

Effective seismic weight

   

Seismic response coefficient

   

System importance factor

   

None of the above

       
9. Each rack manufacturer uses a unique and proprietary beam-to-column connector to join the horizontal and vertical members in the down-aisle direction.
       
   

True

   

False

       
10. Earthquake ground motions can cause storage racks to collapse or overturn if they are not properly designed, installed, maintained, and loaded.
       
   

True

   

False

       
11. A seismic performance objective consists of one or more performance goals, each consisting of a target performance level coupled with a specific earthquake hazard.
       
   

True

   

False

       
12. Life safety performance in the design basis earthquake is achieved if the following conditions are met:
       
   

Failure of components that could result in rack collapse or contents shedding is prevented

   

Rack overturning is prevented

   

There is no loss of stored items from rack shelves supported 8 feet or more above the floor

   

All of the above

       
13. Most structures including steel storage racks currently are designed for earthquake loads using an equivalent lateral force approach. This approach requires members to be sized based on elastic analysis using reduced seismic loads.
       
   

True

   

False

       
14. The seismic base shear, V, should be determined for both the down-aisle and cross-aisle directions in accordance with the following equation:
(Refer Pg 4-3)
     

V = CsW

 

What does Cs mean?

       
   

Seismic response coefficient

   

Weight of the racks

   

Volume of the structure

   

None of the above

       
15. Steel storage racks generally have horizontal diaphragms or bracing and should therefore not be considered as having flexible diaphragm structural systems.
       
   

True

   

False

       
16. Steel storage rack braced frames may be treated as statically determinate structures and hand analyses may be used to determine member design forces resulting from base shear applied forces.
       
   

True

   

False

       
17. Steel storage rack structures may either be designed using the strength design method (load resistance factor design, LRFD) or the allowable stress design (ASD) method.
       
   

True

   

False

       
18. What does FEMA stand for?
       
   

Federal Emergency Management Agency

   

Federal Emergency Material Agency

   

Functional Emergency Management Agency

   

None of the above

       
19. Most rack systems are connected to the floor by anchors installed in holes drilled into the hardened concrete.
       
   

True

   

False

       
20. What does EERI stand for?
       
   

Earthquake Engineering Research Institute

   

Equivalent Engineering Research Institute

   

Exterior Engineering Research Institute

   

None of the above

       
   
 
 

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